姒傝堪
Java寰湇鍔″涔犳槸涓€涓叏闈㈢殑鍏ラ棬瀹炴垬鎸囧崡锛屾棬鍦ㄥ府鍔╁紑鍙戣€呯郴缁熷湴鎺屾彙寰湇鍔℃灦鏋勭殑鏍稿績姒傚康銆丣ava寰湇鍔″紑鍙戠殑浼樺娍浠ュ強鏍稿績鎶€鏈噯澶囥€傛湰涔﹁繕灏嗕粙缁嶅疄闄呭簲鐢ㄦ渚嬶紝鎻愪緵浠庣悊璁哄埌瀹炶返鐨勫叏闈㈡敮鎸侊紝甯姪寮€鍙戣€呮瀯寤洪珮鏁堛€佸彲鎵╁睍鐨凧ava寰湇鍔＄郴缁熴€?/p>
Java寰湇鍔″垵鎺?/p>
涓€銆佸井鏈嶅姟鍩烘湰姒傚康
寰湇鍔℃灦鏋勬槸涓€绉嶅皢鍗曚竴搴旂敤绋嬪簭鍒嗚В涓哄涓皬鍨嬫湇鍔＄殑璁捐妯″紡锛屾瘡涓湇鍔¤繍琛屽湪鍏剁嫭绔嬬殑杩涚▼涓紝骞堕€氳繃鍩轰簬HTTP鐨凙PI杩涜閫氫俊銆傝繖绉嶆灦鏋勯鏍间娇寰楃粍缁囪兘澶熺嫭绔嬮儴缃层€佺鐞嗗拰鏈嶅姟鍖栧叾鍔熻兘锛屼粠鑰屾彁楂樼郴缁熺殑鍙墿灞曟€с€佸彲缁存姢鎬у拰鍙噸鐢ㄦ€с€?/p>
浜屻€佷负浣曢€夋嫨Java杩涜寰湇鍔″紑鍙?/h3>
Java鍑€熷叾绋冲畾鐨勮瑷€鐗规€с€佷赴瀵岀殑寮€婧愭鏋讹紙濡係pring銆丠ibernate锛変互鍙婃垚鐔熺殑绀惧尯鏀寔锛屾垚涓烘瀯寤哄井鏈嶅姟鐨勯閫夎瑷€銆侸ava鐨勫伐鍏峰拰搴撹兘澶熷府鍔╁紑鍙戜汉鍛樺揩閫熸瀯寤恒€佹祴璇曞拰閮ㄧ讲寰湇鍔°€侸ava鐨勮法骞冲彴鐗规€т娇寰楀井鏈嶅姟鑳藉鍦ㄤ笉鍚岀殑鎿嶄綔绯荤粺鍜岀幆澧冧笂杩愯锛屽鍔犱簡绯荤粺鐨勫彲绉绘鎬с€?/p>
涓夈€佸井鏈嶅姟鏋舵瀯涓庝紶缁熸灦鏋勫姣?/h3>
浼犵粺鏋舵瀯閲囩敤鍗曚綋搴旂敤璁捐锛屽皢鎵€鏈夊姛鑳藉皝瑁呭湪涓€涓ぇ鍨嬪簲鐢ㄤ腑锛岄殢鐫€搴旂敤瑙勬ā鐨勬墿澶э紝缁存姢鎴愭湰鍜岄儴缃插鏉傚害鏄捐憲澧炲姞銆傝€屽井鏈嶅姟鏋舵瀯閫氳繃瑙ｈ€︽湇鍔★紝姣忎釜鏈嶅姟璐熻矗鍗曚竴鑱岃矗锛岀畝鍖栦簡绯荤粺绠＄悊鍜岀淮鎶ゃ€傚井鏈嶅姟鏋舵瀯杩樻敮鎸佺嫭绔嬮儴缃插拰鑷姩鎵╁睍锛屾彁楂樹簡绯荤粺鐨勭伒娲绘€у拰鍝嶅簲閫熷害銆?/p>
Java寰湇鍔℃牳蹇冩妧鏈澶?/p>
涓€銆丣ava鍩虹鍥為【涓庤繘闃?/h3>
涓轰簡鏋勫缓寰湇鍔★紝寮€鍙戣€呴渶瑕佺啛缁冩帉鎻ava鐨勫熀鏈娉曞拰闈㈠悜瀵硅薄缂栫▼鍘熷垯锛屽寘鎷暟鎹被鍨嬨€佸彉閲忎綔鐢ㄥ煙銆佹帶鍒舵祦銆佸紓甯稿鐞嗐€侀泦鍚堢被銆佹硾鍨嬨€佸鎬佹€х瓑銆傝繕闇€瑕佸涔犲浣曚娇鐢↗DK鎻愪緵鐨勫伐鍏疯繘琛屽紑鍙戙€?/p>
浜屻€丼pring Boot鍩虹瀛︿範
Spring Boot鏄疭pring妗嗘灦鐨勪竴涓瓙椤圭洰锛岀敤浜庣畝鍖朣pring搴旂敤鐨勬惌寤哄拰閰嶇疆銆傚畠鎻愪緵浜嗗己澶х殑鍔熻兘锛屽鑷姩閰嶇疆銆侀泦鎴愭祴璇曘€佺儹閮ㄧ讲绛夛紝鏄紑鍙慗ava寰湇鍔＄殑鏍稿績妗嗘灦涔嬩竴銆備簡瑙pring Boot鐨勬牳蹇冩ā鍧楋紝濡係pring MVC銆丼pring Data鍜孲pring Security绛夛紝瀵逛簬寮€鍙戝井鏈嶅姟鑷冲叧閲嶈銆?/p>
涓夈€丷ESTful API璁捐涓庡疄鐜?/h3>
REST鏄竴绉嶅熀浜嶩TTP鍗忚鐨勬灦鏋勯鏍硷紝骞挎硾搴旂敤浜庣幇浠eb鏈嶅姟涓€傝璁ESTful API鏃讹紝闇€瑕侀伒寰渶浣冲疄璺碉紝濡備娇鐢ㄦ爣鍑咹TTP鏂规硶銆佷繚鎸佽祫婧愮殑鍗曚竴琛ㄧず銆佷娇鐢ㄧ畝娲佺殑URL缁撴瀯绛夈€傛帉鎻¤繖浜涘疄璺靛皢鏈夊姪浜庡紑鍙戠鍚堣鑼冪殑RESTful API锛屼负寰湇鍔′箣闂寸殑閫氫俊鎻愪緵鍩虹銆?/p>
寰湇鍔℃鏋堕€夊瀷涓庡簲鐢?/p>
涓€銆丏ubbo鍏ラ棬涓庡疄璺?/h3>
Dubbo鏄竴涓垎甯冨紡鏈嶅姟妗嗘灦锛屾敮鎸丷PC閫氫俊鍜屽井鏈嶅姟鏋舵瀯涓殑鏈嶅姟娌荤悊銆傞€氳繃Dubbo锛屽紑鍙戣€呭彲浠ヨ交鏉惧湴瀹炵幇鏈嶅姟鐨勬敞鍐屼笌鍙戠幇銆佽礋杞藉潎琛″拰鏈嶅姟鐩戞帶绛夊姛鑳姐€傛帉鎻ubbo鐨勪娇鐢ㄥ皢鏋佸ぇ鍦扮畝鍖栧井鏈嶅姟涔嬮棿鐨勪氦浜掞紝鎻愰珮绯荤粺鐨勭ǔ瀹氭€у拰鍙潬鎬с€傝繕鏈夊叾浠栧井鏈嶅姟妗嗘灦濡係pring Cloud鍜実RPC绛変篃鏄紑鍙戣€呭湪瀹炶返涓粡甯镐娇鐢ㄧ殑宸ュ叿銆?/p>
Dubbo鏈嶅姟娉ㄥ唽涓庤皟鐢ㄤ箣鏃?/p>
鎯宠薄涓€涓婦ubbo鏈嶅姟鎻愪緵鑰呯殑蹇欑鏅薄锛氫竴缇ゅ嫟鍔崇殑宸ュ尃浠鍦ㄦ墦閫犱粬浠殑鏈嶅姟浜у搧銆傝繖閲屾湁涓€涓畝鍗曠殑绀轰緥锛?/p>
Dubbo鏈嶅姟鎻愪緵鑰呴厤缃笌瀹炵幇绡囩珷锛?/p>
鎯宠薄涓€涓嬶紝鏈変竴涓悕涓篗yService鐨勫伐鍖犳鍦ㄥ疄鐜颁粬鐨勬湇鍔℃帴鍙yServiceInterface銆備粬鍦ㄥ伐浣滃閲屽繖纰屽湴缂栧啓浠ｇ爜锛屽疄鐜颁笟鍔￠€昏緫銆傝€屽彟涓€浣嶅伐鍖狅紝MyServiceProvider锛屾鍦ㄥ惎鍔ㄦ湇鍔°€備粬鍒涘缓浜哅yService鐨勫疄渚嬶紝骞堕€氳繃MyServiceExporter灏嗗叾瀵煎嚭鍒版敞鍐屼腑蹇冦€傛敞鍐屼腑蹇冪殑鍦板潃灏卞儚鏄竴涓煄甯傜殑鎸囪矾鐗岋紝浣嶄簬鈥渓ocalhost:2181鈥濓紝鑰屾湇鍔＄洃鍚殑绔彛鍒欐槸鐑椆鐨?0880銆?/p>
Dubbo鏈嶅姟娑堣垂鑰呴厤缃笌璋冪敤绡囩珷锛?/p>
娑堣垂鑰呬滑姝ｅ洓澶勫鎵句粬浠渶瑕佺殑鏈嶅姟銆侻yConsumer渚挎槸鍏朵腑鐨勪竴鍛樸€備粬棣栧厛閫氳繃娉ㄥ唽涓績鎵惧埌浜嗘湇鍔＄殑浣嶇疆锛堟敞鍐屽湴鍧€锛氣€渮ookeeper://localhost:2181鈥濓級銆傜劧鍚庯紝浠栭€氳繃MyServiceImporter瀵煎叆鏈嶅姟锛屽苟寮€濮嬩簡涓庢湇鍔℃彁渚涜€呬箣闂寸殑浜や簰銆傚綋浠栬皟鐢╯ervice.someMethod()鏃讹紝灏卞儚鏄竴娆＄簿褰╃殑浜ゆ槗锛屽弻鏂瑰緱浠ラ『鐣呮矡閫氥€?/p>
璁╂垜浠法瓒婂埌Spring Cloud鐨勪笘鐣岋紝鎰熷彈寰湇鍔＄殑榄呭姏锛?/p>
Spring Cloud鏄瀯寤哄井鏈嶅姟鏋舵瀯鐨勪竴绔欏紡宸ュ叿闆嗐€傚畠鍩轰簬Spring Boot妗嗘灦锛屾彁渚涗簡浼楀寮哄ぇ鐨勭粍浠讹紝濡侶TTP鏈嶅姟銆侀厤缃鐞嗐€佹湇鍔″彂鐜扮瓑銆傛兂璞′竴涓嬶紝涓€涓箒蹇欑殑宸ュ巶閲岋紝姣忎釜杞﹂棿閮芥槸涓€涓嫭绔嬬殑寰湇鍔°€係pring Cloud灏卞儚鏄伐鍘傜殑璋冨害鍛橈紝纭繚姣忎釜杞﹂棿閮借兘鍗忓悓宸ヤ綔銆備竴涓畝鍗曠殑Spring Cloud搴旂敤绀轰緥濡備笅锛氫竴涓悕涓篗icroserviceApplication鐨勭▼搴忓惎鍔ㄥ悗锛岄€氳繃@EnableDiscoveryClient娉ㄨВ锛屽畠灏辫兘鑷姩鍙戠幇骞舵敞鍐屽埌鍏朵粬寰湇鍔′腑銆傛湇鍔℃彁渚涜€呬娇鐢≧estController鎻愪緵涓€涓狝PI鎺ュ彛锛屾秷璐硅€呭湪闇€瑕佹椂鍙互閫氳繃RestTemplate璋冪敤杩欎簺鏈嶅姟銆?/p>
璧拌繘gRPC鐨勪笘鐣岋紝鎰熷彈Protocol Buffers鐨勯瓍鍔涳細
// service.proto
閲囩敤proto3璇硶锛屾垜浠畾涔変簡涓€涓畝鍗曠殑闂€欐湇鍔★細
```proto
syntax = "proto3";
service Greeter {
rpc SayHello (HelloRequest) returns (HelloReply) {}
}
message HelloRequest {
string name = 1;
}
message HelloReply {
string message = 1;
}
```
鎺ヤ笅鏉ワ紝鎴戜滑鏉ョ湅鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ濡備綍瀹炵幇杩欎釜鏈嶅姟锛?/p>
// GreeterServer.java
```java
import io.grpc.stub.StreamObserver;
import com.example.grpc.GreeterGrpc;
import com.example.grpc.GreeterProto;
public class GreeterServer extends GreeterGrpc.GreeterImplBase {
@Override
public void sayHello(GreeterProto.HelloRequest request, StreamObserver responseObserver) {
String responseMessage = "Hello, " + request.getName() + "!";
GreeterProto.HelloReply reply = GreeterProto.HelloReply.newBuilder().setMessage(responseMessage).build();
responseObserver.onNext(reply);
responseObserver.onCompleted();
}
}
```
鐜板湪锛岃鎴戜滑杞悜瀹㈡埛绔殑瀹炵幇锛?/p>
// GreeterClient.java
鍦℅reeterClient涓紝鎴戜滑鍒涘缓浜嗕竴涓猤RPC閫氶亾锛屽苟閫氳繃璇ラ€氶亾璋冪敤鏈嶅姟绔殑鏂规硶锛?/p>
```java
import io.grpc.ManagedChannel;
import io.grpc.ManagedChannelBuilder;
import com.example.grpc.GreeterGrpc;
import com.example.grpc.GreeterProto;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class GreeterClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
ManagedChannel channel = ManagedChannelBuilder.forAddress("localhost", 50051)
.usePlaintext()
.build();
GreeterGrpc.GreeterBlockingStub blockingStub = GreeterGrpc.newBlockingStub(channel);
GreeterProto.HelloRequest request = GreeterProto.HelloRequest.newBuilder().setName("John").build();
GreeterProto.HelloReply response = blockingStub.sayHello(request);
System.out.println(response.getMessage());
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